DevOps

DevOps Engineer Playbook: Practical Commands for Everyday Use Linux Git Docker Kubernetes Helm Terraform Linux is the foundation of DevOps operations – it’s like a Swiss Army knife for servers. These commands help you navigate systems, manage files, configure permissions, and automate tasks in terminal environments. Basic Linux Commands Command Usage pwd Print the current working directory. ls List files and directories. cd Change directory. touch Create an empty file. mkdir Create a new directory. rm Remove files or directories. rmdir Remove empty directories. cp Copy files or directories. mv Move or rename files and directories. cat Display the content of a file. echo Display a line of text. clear Clear the terminal screen. Intermediate Linux Commands Command Usage chmod Change file permissions. chown Change file ownership. find Search for files and directories. grep Search for text in a file. wc Count lines, words, and characters in a file. head Display the first few lines of a file. tail Display the last few lines of a file. sort Sort the contents of a file. uniq Remove duplicate lines from a file. diff Compare two files line by line. tar Archive files into a tarball. zip / unzip Compress and extract ZIP files. df Display disk space usage. du Display directory size. top Monitor system processes in real time. ps Display active processes. kill Terminate a process by its PID. ping Check network connectivity. wget Download files from the internet. curl Transfer data from or to a server. scp Securely copy files between systems. rsync Synchronize files and directories. Advanced Linux Commands Command Usage awk Text processing and pattern scanning. sed Stream editor for filtering and transforming text. cut Remove sections from each line of a file. tr Translate or delete characters. xargs Build and execute command lines from standard input. ln Create symbolic or hard links. df -h Display disk usage in human-readable format. free Display memory usage. iostat Display CPU and I/O statistics. netstat Network statistics (use ss as modern alternative). ifconfig / ip Configure network interfaces (use ip as modern alternative). iptables Configure firewall rules. systemctl Control the systemd system and service manager. journalctl View system logs. crontab Schedule recurring tasks. at Schedule tasks for a specific time. uptime Display system uptime. whoami Display the current user. users List all users currently logged in. hostname Display or set the system hostname. env Display environment variables. export Set environment variables. Networking Commands Command Usage ip addr Display or configure IP addresses. ip route Show or manipulate routing tables. traceroute Trace the route packets take to a host. nslookup Query DNS records. dig Query DNS servers. ssh Connect to a remote server via SSH. ftp Transfer files using the FTP protocol. nmap Network scanning and discovery. telnet Communicate with remote hosts. netcat (nc) Read/write data over networks. File Management and Search Commands Command Usage locate Find files quickly using a database. stat Display detailed information about a file. tree Display directories as a tree. file Determine a file’s type. basename Extract the filename from a path. dirname Extract the directory part of a path. System Monitoring Commands Command Usage vmstat Display virtual memory statistics. htop Interactive process viewer (alternative to top). lsof List open files. dmesg Print kernel ring buffer messages. uptime Show how long the system has been running. iotop Display real-time disk I/O by processes. Package Management Commands Command Usage apt Package manager for Debian-based distributions. yum / dnf Package manager for RHEL-based distributions. snap Manage snap packages. rpm Manage RPM packages. Disk and Filesystem Commands Command Usage mount / umount Mount or unmount filesystems. fsck Check and repair filesystems. mkfs Create a new filesystem. blkid Display information about block devices. lsblk List information about block devices. parted Manage partitions interactively. Scripting and Automation Commands Command Usage bash Command interpreter and scripting shell. sh Legacy shell interpreter. cron Automate tasks. alias Create shortcuts for commands. source Execute commands from a file in the current shell. Development and Debugging Commands Command Usage gcc Compile C programs. make Build and manage projects. strace Trace system calls and signals. gdb Debug programs. git Version control system. vim / nano Text editors for scripting and editing. Other Useful Commands Command Usage uptime Display system uptime. date Display or set the system date and time. cal Display a calendar. man Display the manual for a command. history Show previously executed commands. alias Create custom shortcuts for commands. Git is your code time machine. It tracks every change, enables team collaboration without conflicts, and lets you undo mistakes. These commands help manage source code versions like a professional developer. Basic Git Commands Command Usage Example git init Initializes a new Git repository in the current directory. git init git clone Copies a remote repository to the local machine. git clone https://github.com/user/repo.git git status Displays the state of the working directory and staging area. git status git add Adds changes to the staging area. git add file.txt git commit Records changes to the repository. git commit -m “Initial commit” git config Configures user settings, such as name and email. git config –global user.name “Your Name” git log Shows the commit history. git log git show Displays detailed information about a specific commit. git show <commit-hash> git diff Shows changes between commits, the working directory, and the staging area. git diff git reset Unstages changes or resets commits. git reset HEAD file.txt Branching and Merging Commands Command Usage Example git branch Lists branches or creates a new branch. git branch feature-branch git checkout Switches between branches or restores files. git checkout feature-branch git switch Switches branches (modern alternative to git checkout). git switch feature-branch git merge Combines changes from one branch into another. git merge feature-branch git rebase Moves or combines commits from one branch onto another. git rebase main git cherry-pick Applies specific commits from one branch to another. git cherry-pick <commit-hash> Remote Repositories Commands Command Usage Example git remote Manages remote repository connections. git remote add origin https://github.com/user/repo.git git push Sends changes to

DevOps vs SRE: Key Differences You Must Know In the world of modern software engineering, DevOps and Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) often overlap, yet they serve distinct purposes. Many professionals and organizations get confused when deciding whether to adopt DevOps, SRE, or both. Let’s break down the key differences and help you understand which approach suits your team best. What is DevOps? DevOps is a culture and set of practices that bridge the gap between development (Dev) and operations (Ops). It emphasizes: Continuous Integration (CI) and Continuous Delivery (CD) Faster software releases Improved collaboration between teams Automation of infrastructure and processes 👉 DevOps is more about principles, culture, and practices than a specific job role. What is SRE? Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) originated at Google to solve reliability challenges at scale. SRE focuses on: Ensuring reliability, scalability, and performance of systems Monitoring, alerting, and incident response Using error budgets and Service Level Objectives (SLOs) Writing code to automate operational tasks 👉 SRE is more about engineering practices and is considered an implementation of DevOps principles. DevOps vs SRE: Head-to-Head Comparison Definition:  DEVOPS – Culture & practices for Dev + Ops collaboration || SRE – Engineering discipline focused on reliability Primary Goal:  DEVOPS – Speed of delivery & automation || SRE – System reliability & uptime Focus Areas:  DEVOPS-CI/CD, automation, collaboration || SRE-Monitoring, incident response, error budgets Approach:  DEVOPS – Broader cultural mindset || SRE – Practical implementation with engineering rules Who Uses It:  DEVOPS – All kinds of companies || SRE – Large-scale, reliability-focused organizations Do You Need DevOps or SRE? Choose DevOps: If you’re building a culture of collaboration and want faster release cycles. Choose SRE: If reliability, uptime, and scalability are critical to your business. Best Choice: Many companies adopt both, where DevOps sets the culture and SRE ensures reliability through engineering practices. ✅ Conclusion DevOps and SRE are not competitors — they complement each other. DevOps focuses on speed and culture, while SRE ensures reliability and performance. For modern businesses, combining both is often the winning strategy. https://srtechops.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Remainder-App-Technology-Logo.mp4 Devops Multi cloud Training Choose the training style that fits your schedule — Self-Paced or Live Interactive Sessions. Both include hands-on projects, expert support, and lifetime access. Feature Self-Paced Training Live Training 🎯 Mode 🎥Pre-Recorded Session 🧑‍🏫Live Class + Recordings 💼 Projects 🕒 Weekend Real-Time Projects 📅 Weekdays + Weekend Real-Time Projects ❓ Doubt Clearing 📞 Weekend Live Support Session 🧠 Anytime Doubt Clearing Session 👥 Career Support & Mentorship ❌ No ✅ Yes 🎓 Global Certification Training ❌ No ✅ Yes 🔑 Access ♾️ Lifetime Access ♾️ Lifetime Access 💰 Fees ₹4,999 (2 x ₹2,500) ₹7,999 (2 x ₹4,000) ℹ️ For More Info Explore Self-Paced Training Explore Live Training

Will AI Replace DevOps Engineer Roles? Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a buzzword across industries, and DevOps is no exception. With the rise of AI-driven automation tools, many professionals wonder: Will AI take over DevOps engineer roles completely? The short answer is No — but AI will significantly transform the way DevOps engineers work. Let’s explore how. The Role of devops engineer today DevOps engineers bridge the gap between development and operations. They handle tasks like: Managing CI/CD pipelines Infrastructure provisioning and automation Monitoring application performance Ensuring security and compliance Collaboration between teams How AI is Changing DevOps AI and Machine Learning tools are making DevOps smarter and more efficient: Automated Testing – AI can generate test cases, detect bugs, and optimize results faster than manual processes. Predictive Analytics – AI can forecast system failures or downtime before they occur. Intelligent Monitoring – Instead of reacting to alerts, AI helps in proactive incident management. Resource Optimization – AI ensures better utilization of cloud resources, reducing costs. Security Enhancements – AI improves threat detection and anomaly detection. Will AI Replace DevOps Engineers? AI won’t replace DevOps engineers, but it will change their role: Repetitive and time-consuming tasks will be automated. Engineers will focus more on strategy, architecture, and problem-solving. New roles like AIOps Engineer and DevOps + AI Specialist are emerging. The Future of DevOps with AI The future is about collaboration between humans and AI. DevOps engineers who embrace AI will: Deliver faster and more reliable deployments. Reduce downtime and operational costs. Enhance overall system security and scalability. Engineers who ignore AI risk being left behind, while those who learn AI tools will be in high demand. ✅ Conclusion AI is not here to take away DevOps jobs — it’s here to make DevOps smarter, faster, and more efficient. DevOps engineers who adopt AI skills will stay relevant and thrive in the evolving tech landscape. https://srtechops.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Remainder-App-Technology-Logo.mp4 Devops Multi cloud Training Choose the training style that fits your schedule — Self-Paced or Live Interactive Sessions. Both include hands-on projects, expert support, and lifetime access. Feature Self-Paced Training Live Training 🎯 Mode 🎥Pre-Recorded Session 🧑‍🏫Live Class + Recordings 💼 Projects 🕒 Weekend Real-Time Projects 📅 Weekdays + Weekend Real-Time Projects ❓ Doubt Clearing 📞 Weekend Live Support Session 🧠 Anytime Doubt Clearing Session 👥 Career Support & Mentorship ❌ No ✅ Yes 🎓 Global Certification Training ❌ No ✅ Yes 🔑 Access ♾️ Lifetime Access ♾️ Lifetime Access 💰 Fees ₹4,999 (2 x ₹2,500) ₹7,999 (2 x ₹4,000) ℹ️ For More Info Explore Self-Paced Training Explore Live Training

🚀 The Role of Kubernetes in DevOps – A Real-Time Use Case If you are new to DevOps, you may have heard people talk about Kubernetes. But what exactly is Kubernetes? And why is it so important in the DevOps world?Let’s break it down in a simple way and explore a Kubernetes DevOps usecase through a real-world example to understand how it works in action. 🧩 What is Kubernetes? Kubernetes (K8s) is an open-source platform used to manage containers. A container is a lightweight software unit that packages your application code along with everything it needs to run—like libraries, runtime, and system tools.Kubernetes helps in: Running applications in containers Scaling applications up or down Automatically restarting if an app crashes Balancing traffic so no server is overloaded Think of Kubernetes as a robotic manager that automatically handles your applications for you. 🧪 Why Do DevOps Teams Use Kubernetes? In DevOps, the goal is to deliver software quickly and reliably. Kubernetes fits into this process by: Automating deployment and scaling Making applications easier to move across environments (dev, test, prod) Reducing downtime with self-healing Managing microservices effectively This makes development and operations teams work more efficiently together. 🔍 Real-Time Use Case – Deploying a Web App with Kubernetes Let’s take an example to understand the real-time use of Kubernetes in a DevOps setup. Scenario: A Company Deploys an E-Commerce Website Imagine an online store called ShopKart. The developers build the website using microservices—one for products, one for cart, and one for payments. Here’s how Kubernetes helps in a DevOps pipeline: 1. Containerizing the Application Each microservice is packaged into a Docker container. Example: product-service:1.0 cart-service:1.0 payment-service:1.0 These containers are stored in a container registry like DockerHub or Azure Container Registry (ACR). 2. Creating a Kubernetes Cluster The DevOps team creates a Kubernetes cluster (using platforms like AWS EKS, Azure AKS, or GCP GKE) to host the application.A cluster is a group of machines (nodes) managed by Kubernetes. 3. Deploying the Application Using YAML To tell Kubernetes what to deploy and how, we use a configuration file written in YAML. Here is an example YAML file to deploy the Product Service: apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deploymentmetadata:        name: product-deploymentspec:        replicas: 3        selector:             matchLabels:                    app: product        template:             metadata:                    labels:                         app: product             spec:                      containers:                     – name: product                        image: shopkart/product-service:1.0                         ports:                        – containerPort: 8080 🧾 Let’s break it down:                      Section Explanation apiVersion: apps/v1 This defines which version of the Kubernetes API we are using for the deployment. kind: Deployment We are creating a Deployment – which helps manage a set of identical pods. metadata: Information like the name of the deployment (product-deployment). replicas: 3 We want 3 instances (pods) of the product microservice running. selector: Tells Kubernetes how to find the pods related to this deployment using labels. template: The actual configuration of the pods (like a template for them). containers: Inside the pod, we define a container: – name: product The container’s name. image: shopkart/product-service:1.0 The Docker image to run inside this container. ports: Exposes port 8080, which the app will use inside the container. This YAML file helps automate the deployment of your app with just one command: kubectl apply -f product-deployment.yaml 4. Service and Load Balancing To make the app accessible, Kubernetes uses a Service object, which routes traffic to the correct pods and balances the load. 5. Rolling Updates and Rollbacks When version product-service:2.0 is ready, the DevOps team updates the image in the YAML and reapplies it. Kubernetes will roll out the update slowly, checking if everything works.If something goes wrong? Just roll back to the previous version. 6. Auto-Scaling & Self-Healing If user traffic increases (like during a festival sale), Kubernetes can add more pods automatically. If a pod crashes, Kubernetes restores it immediately. No manual steps are needed. 💡 Summary – Why Kubernetes is a DevOps Hero Feature Benefit YAML Configuration Defines app setup in a readable way Container Orchestration Runs and manages containers automatically Auto-Scaling Adjusts resources based on traffic Rolling Updates No downtime during new releases Self-Healing Recovers from crashes without human helpy Portability Works across cloud or on-prem 🧠 Final Thoughts For any DevOps team working with modern apps, Kubernetes is a must-have tool. It helps automate deployment, scaling, and management of containerized apps.If you’re starting in DevOps, begin with learning: Docker (to create containers) Kubernetes YAML (to manage them) Use Minikube to practice locally Then move to advanced tools like Helm and GitOps for real-world DevOps workflows.https://srtechops.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Remainder-App-Technology-Logo.mp4 Devops Multi cloud Training Choose the training style that fits your schedule — Self-Paced or Live Interactive Sessions. Both include hands-on projects, expert support, and lifetime access. Feature Self-Paced Training Live Training 🎯 Mode 🎥Pre-Recorded Session 🧑‍🏫Live Class + Recordings 💼 Projects 🕒 Weekend Real-Time Projects 📅 Weekdays + Weekend Real-Time Projects ❓ Doubt Clearing 📞 Weekend Live Support Session 🧠 Anytime Doubt Clearing Session 👥 Career Support & Mentorship ❌ No ✅ Yes 🎓 Global Certification Training ❌ No ✅ Yes 🔑 Access ♾️ Lifetime Access ♾️ Lifetime Access 💰 Fees ₹4,999 (2 x ₹2,500) ₹7,999 (2 x ₹4,000) ℹ️ For More Info Explore Self-Paced Training Explore Live Training